Genetics Archives

23 Apr 2026

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A Spotlight on Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

A spotlight on NENs, A spotlight on NENs - Types, Patient AdvocacyATRX, DAXX, Gastrinoma, Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEP-NET), Genetics, Glucagonoma, Insulinoma, MEN1 syndrome, Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Pancreatic NEC, Pancreatic NET (PanNET), PPoma, Somatostatinoma, Tuberous sclerosis (TSC), VIPoma, Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Syndrome

DisclaimerThe information in this Spotlight is for general education only. It cannot replace advice from your own medical team, who know your individual situation, test results, and treatment options. Neuroendocrine Neoplasms and related conditions are complex and research is evolving; guidance, classifications, and statistics may change over time. Always discuss any questions or concerns with your specialist team before making decisions about tests, treatments, or monitoring. Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms comprise Pancreatic NETs (well differentiated) and Pancreatic NEC (poorly differentiated) 1. What they are Pancreatic NENs arise anywhere in the head, neck, body, or tail of the pancreas and include: Well‑differentiated…

15 Feb 2025

By Ronny Allan

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Genetics and Neuroendocrine Tumours

Awareness, Living with Neuroendocrine Cancer, SurvivorshipAutosomal dominant, Benign, Carney-Stratakis syndrome (CSS), Chromaffin cells, Familial medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC), Familial NET, Gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour (GEP-NET), Genetic testing, Genetics, Germline genetic mutations, Hereditary cancer syndrome, Hormones, Incurable cancer, Lung NETs, Malignant, MEN1 syndrome, Metastatic Neuroendocrine Cancer, Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN), Neuroendocrine, Neuroendocrine cancer, Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), Neuroendocrine tumour (NET), Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Paraganglioma, Pheochromocytoma, Pituitary NET (PitNET), Quality of LIfe (QoL), Tuberous sclerosis (TSC)

Hereditary genetics.....where to focus In recent years, it has become increasingly apparent that a number of Neuroendocrine tumours arise as a result of germline genetic mutations and are inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. The number of genes implicated is increasing as research advances and I cannot guarantee this post will contain all of them. Apparently, 5-10% of NETs are estimated to have a hereditary background. Hereditary syndromes associated with these include Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN), Von Hippel Lindau (VHL), Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1), Tuberous Sclerosis (TS) and others. People who have a genetic condition may present with the tumours…

21 Nov 2024

By Ronny Allan

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A spotlight on Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN)

Awareness, Living with Neuroendocrine CancerCDKN1B, Endocrine, Familial medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC), Genetics, Hereditary cancer syndrome, MEN1 syndrome, MEN2 syndrome, MEN2A syndrome, MEN2B syndrome, MEN4 syndrome, MEN5 syndrome, MENX, Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN), Neuroendocrine, Paraganglioma, Parathyroid gland, Pheochromocytoma, Pituitary gland

First published 2015, updated for 2025. Overview We all know that Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs) and their syndromes are complex but there is even more complexity to be found in a group of related disorders known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN). I recommend all NET patients should try to understand the basics of MEN and vice versa, particularly as both conditions seem to come with a plethora of endocrine-related effects. MEN patients will normally have a tumour in at least two endocrine glands - thus the terms 'Multiple' and 'Endocrine' (tumours can also develop in other organs and tissues). Neoplasia is…

24 Nov 2022

By Ronny Allan

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Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (NEN) – genetic related syndromes

Awareness, Patient AdvocacyCarney-Stratakis syndrome (CSS), Familial medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC), Genetics, Hereditary pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndromes, Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC), MEN1 syndrome, MEN2 syndrome, MEN2A syndrome, MEN2B syndrome, MEN4 syndrome, Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), Paraganglioma, Pheochromocytoma, Tuberous sclerosis (TSC), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Syndrome

Cancer is a genetic disorder. It happens when genes that manage cell activity mutate and create abnormal cells that divide and multiply, eventually disrupting how your body works. Medical researchers estimate 5% to 12% of all cancers are caused by inherited genetic mutations that you can’t control. More frequently, cancer happens as an acquired genetic mutation. Acquired genetic mutations happen over the course of your life. This is a very general description of the close relationships between genetics and cancer but I wanted to focus below on hereditary syndromes and genetic disorders related to Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Definitions - the differences between Hereditary…

14 Dec 2016

By Ronny Allan

4 Comments

Neuroendocrine Tumours: a spotlight on Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

A spotlight on NENs - Types, Awareness, Patient Advocacy, Spotlight on NENs - Types Series123I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG), 131I-Metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG), 18F-FDG, 18F-FDOPA, 24-hour urinary catacholamines and metanephrines, Adrenal glands, Adrenal medulla, Adrenaline, Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC), Anxiety, AZEDRA, Catecholamines, EPAS1, Epinephrine, Familial NET, FH, Ga68 PET/CT, Genetics, Hormonal crisis, Hormones, Hyperadrenergic, Hypertension, Intraoperative hypertensive crisis, Iobenguane I 131, MDH2, MEN2 syndrome, MIBG scan, Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN), Nausea, Neuroendocrine, Neuroendocrine cancer, Neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC), Neuroendocrine tumour (NET), NF1, Octreotide scan, Palpitation, Pheochromocytoma, RET, Scan, SDHA, SDHAF2(SDH5), SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, Somatostatin analogues, Surgery, Sweating, Tachycardia, The 5 E's, Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA), Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) Syndrome

Updated 19th August 2025 I spend a lot of time talking about the most common forms of Neuroendocrine Tumours (NETs), but what about the less well-known types? As part of my commitment to all types of NETs, I'd like to shine a light on two less common tumour types known as Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas - with an incidence rate of approximately 8 per million per year. They are normally grouped together, and the definitions below will confirm why. If you think it's difficult to diagnose a mainstream NET, this particular sub-type is a real challenge. So, let's get definitions out…

Tag: Genetics