NET Syndromes – chicken or egg?
We’ve all heard the age-old question about the chicken and the egg? Scientists claimed to have 'cracked' the riddle of whether the chicken or the egg came first. The answer, they say, is the chicken. Researchers found that the formation of egg shells relies on a protein found only in a chicken's ovaries. Therefore, an egg can exist only if it has been inside a chicken. There you have it! On a similar subject, I'm often confused when someone says they have been diagnosed with 'Carcinoid Syndrome' but not one of associated 'Neuroendocrine Tumours'. So which comes first? I guess…
Neuroendocrine Cancer – Horrible Hormones
Updated and reviewed 20th March 2024 Hormonal imbalances are quite common in many conditions including day to day stuff. With Neuroendocrine Cancer, it can be a real challenge both at diagnostic and maintenance phases. In addition to the cancer angle, there's some strange stuff going on, inexplicable, frightening for the patient, an unwanted ingredient causing chaos!Until I was diagnosed with metastatic Neuroendocrine Cancer, I didn't have a clue about hormones - it's one of those things you just take for granted. However, hormones are vital to human health (male and female) and it's only when things go wrong you suddenly…
Histamine – NET or NOT?
Histamine is mentioned a lot in both patient groups and in literature as somehow connected with NETs, particularly with so called carcinoid syndrome (CS). In fact, various putative mediators, including serotonin, catecholamines, brady- and tachykinins, kallikrein, histamine, motilin, and prostaglandins, have been suggested as potential causative factors for the symptoms and complications associated with CS. It is generally believed that most of these tumour-derived secretory products are inactivated by hepatocytes and, therefore, only cause symptoms when they either bypass or are secreted outside of the portal vein drainage system. I wanted to focus on Histamine in this article. But what is the…
Experimental drug for Gastric NET – Netazepide
Gastric NETs When I wrote my post entitled "Spotlight on Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms", I explained what these were with some emphasis on the association with hypergastrinemia (elevated fasting serum gastrin levels) with Type 1 and 2 gNETs being differentiated by the settings in which this occurs. This oversecretion is not the same as so called carcinoid syndrome found in other gastrointestinal NETs. Many people with a Gastric NET will already have acid reflux related issues and many will be taking medications such as proton pump inhibitors. But I was surprised to find there was not an approved targeted medication that…
A spotlight on Gastric Neuroendocrine Neoplasms
What are Gastric NENsUnlike other anatomical types, the word Gastric is used to indicate a tumour (NET) or carcinoma (NEC) in the stomach. The stomach lies at the bottom of your oesophagus and connects to the first part of the small intestine (the duodenum). Clearly a key part of the gastrointestinal system, it processes food on its journey downwards.The stomach produces strong acid. This kills many microorganisms that might have been swallowed along with the food. It also contains special chemicals called enzymes. These are important for breaking down the food so it can be absorbed by the body. After…
Proton Pump Inhibitors (…..and H2 Blockers) the NET Effect
What are Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)? Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are among the most commonly used medications in the world. They reduce the production of acid by blocking the enzyme in the wall of the stomach that produces acid. Acid is necessary for the formation of most ulcers in the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum, and the reduction of acid with PPIs prevents ulcers and allows any ulcers that exist in the oesophagus, stomach, and duodenum to heal. PPIs are prescribed to treat acid-related conditions such as: Esophageal, duodenal and stomach ulcers NSAID-associated ulcer Ulcers Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome…